环境：ubuntu 16.04
一、安装所需要的源
apt-get install build-essential automake autoconf cmake libtool libcurses-ocaml-dev libxml2-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libxpm-dev libfreetype6-dev libxslt1-dev openssl pkg-config二、下载所需要的软件(a-z排列)
libiconv http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libmcrypt https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/mhash https://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mcrypt https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/MCrypt/mariadb https://mariadb.org/download/php http://php.net/downloads.phplibmemcached https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/+downloadmemcached https://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached.gitphpredis https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.gitimagick http://pecl.php.net/package/imagickzlib http://www.zlib.net/openssl https://www.openssl.org/source/pcre https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/nginx http://tengine.taobao.org 三、安装PHP（FastCGI模式）1、编译安装PHP所需的支持库tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/./configure --prefix=/usr/localmake && sudo make installcd ../tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/./configuremakesudo make installsudo /sbin/ldconfigcd libltdl/./configure --enable-ltdl-installmakesudo make installcd ../../tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/./configuremake && sudo make installcd ../sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.sosudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.asudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.lasudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.sosudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so /usr/lib/libssl.sotar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.4.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.4/sudo /sbin/ldconfig./configure/*******************************************编译中，会报error: mhash_config.h: No such file or directory这样的错误，解决办法如下touch /usr/local/include/mhash_config.h接着再安装*******************************************/makesudo make installcd ../四：安装mysql
1、运行完以上命令，再运行下面的命令安装上缺失的包
sudo apt-get install libcurses-ocaml-dev libxml2-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libxpm-dev libfreetype6-dev libxslt1-dev 2、编译安装MySQL mariadb-10.1.18.tar.gzsudo /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysqltar zxvf mariadb-10.1.18.tar.gzcd mariadb-10.1.18/cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_LIBWRAP=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=yesmake
sudo make install①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录
sudo mkdir -p /data/mysql/datasudo mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog/binlogsudo chmod +w /data/mysqlsudo chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：sudo /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql③、创建my.cnf配置文件：添加以下内容
sudo cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /data/mysql/my.cnfsudo vi /data/mysql/my.cnf#############################################################################################basedir = /usr/local/mysqldatadir = /data/mysql/datalog-error = /data/mysql/mysql_error.logpid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid#############################################################################################④、创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本：sudo vi /data/mysql/mysql
输入以下内容（这里的用户名root和密码12345678接下来的步骤会创建）：
############################################################################################!/bin/sh mysql_port=3306 mysql_username="root" mysql_password="123456" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf 2>&1 > --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data &} function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 5 function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') } if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then function_start_mysql elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then function_stop_mysql elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_mysql elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then function_kill_mysql else printf "Usage: /data/mysql/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n" fi ###########################################################################################⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
sudo chmod +x /data/mysql/mysql ⑥、启动MySQL：sudo /data/mysql/mysql start
⑦、通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
⑧、输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';###########################################################################################⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：
/data/mysql/mysql stop
五、安装PHP（FastCGI模式）
1、建立 www 用户sudo /usr/sbin/groupadd www sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -r www2、解压安装tar zxvf php-7.0.12.tar.gzcd php-7.0.12/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --enable-opcache=yes --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-curl --with-pear --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-xpm-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-bz2 --with-gettext --disable-debug --enable-exif --enable-wddx --enable-zip --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-shmop --enable-dba --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-sysvmsg --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-iconv-dir --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --enable-zip --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-maintainer-zts --enable-exif --enable-ftpmake ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
sudo make install3、拷贝php.ini等配置文件
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.inicp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.confcp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.confcd ../
4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块
sudo apt-get install git
sudo apt-get install imagemagick libmagickwand-devtar zxf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz
cd libmemcached-1.0.18./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-memcachedmake && sudo make installcd ../ git clone https://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached.gitcd php-memcachedgit checkout php7/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached --disable-memcached-saslmakesudo make installcd ../git clone https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.git
cd phpredis/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmakesudo make installcd ../ tar zxvf imagick-3.4.3RC1.tgzcd imagick-3.4.3RC1//usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmakesudo make installcd ../ 5、修改php.ini文件sudo vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini修改 php.ini ，去掉 date.timezone 的注释，并设置为 date.timezone = PRC手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"修改为###########################################################################################extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20151012/"########################################################################################### 并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：###########################################################################################extension = "memcached.so"extension = "imagick.so"extension = "redis.so"########################################################################################### 再查找zlib.output_compression = Off 修改为zlib.output_compression = On按住shift+g跳到php.ini最后一行，加上opcache相关配置
###########################################################################################zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20151012/opcache.so"opcache.force_restart_timeout=3600opcache.memory_consumption=1024opcache.optimization_level=1opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8opcache.max_accelerated_files=4096opcache.revalidate_freq=60opcache.fast_shutdown=1opcache.enable=1opcache.enable_cli=1###########################################################################################添加php比较危险的函数
###########################################################################################disable_functions = exec,system,passthru,ini_alter,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,link,leak,proc_open,popepassthru,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,proc_get_status,popen,com,eval,gzuncompress,php_admin_value,php_admin_flag########################################################################################### 6、创建php的启动角本 sudo vi /usr/local/php/php-fpm############################################################################################!/bin/sh function_start_php() { printf "Starting Php-fpm...\n" /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -g /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid} function_stop_php() { printf "Stoping Php-fpm...\n" kill -INT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`} function_restart_php() { printf "Restarting Php-fpm...\n" kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid` } if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then function_start_php elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then function_stop_php elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_php else printf "Usage: /usr/local/php/php-fpm {start|stop|restart}\n" fi ###########################################################################################给php-fpm执行以下命令
chmod +x /usr/local/php/php-fpm启动PHP命令
/usr/local/php/php-fpm start 启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，p进程数为128（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为ww
三、安装Nginx(Tengine)
1、安装Nginx所需的库,解压这些文件，并不需要安装：tar -xvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gztar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz2、安装Tengine
tar zxvf tengine-2.1.0.tar.gzcd tengine-2.1.0/./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/data/soft/pcre-8.37 --with-zlib=/data/soft/zlib-1.2.8注意：--with-pcre=/data/soft/pcre-8.37指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错,同样,openssl zlib的路径都是源码包解压路径s。
make && sudo make install cd ../3、创建Nginx日志目录
mkdir -p /data/logschmod +w /data/logschown -R www:www /data/logs 4、创建Nginx配置文件①、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confsudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf输入以下内容：
#####################################################################################################user www www;worker_processes 8;
error_log /data/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;events
{ use epoll; worker_connections 65535;}http
{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream;#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on;keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on;#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
include vhosts/*.conf;}#####################################################################################################创建php5.conf
touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/php5.confsudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/php5.conf###########################################################################################location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?${ #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; set $path_info ""; set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name; if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") { set $real_script_name $1; set $path_info $2; } fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;}########################################################################################### 创建image.conftouch /usr/local/nginx/conf/image.confsudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/image.conf###########################################################################################location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)${ expires 30d;}########################################################################################### 创建js.conftouch /usr/local/nginx/conf/js.confsudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/js.conf###########################################################################################location ~ .*\.(js|css)?${ expires 1d;} ###########################################################################################创建vhosts/a.confmkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhoststouch /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.confsudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.conf###########################################################################################server{ listen 80; charset utf-8; server_name 192.168.1.50; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /data/www/blog; #limit_conn crawler 20; include php5.conf; include image.conf; include js.conf; log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; access_log /data/logs/access.log access;}###########################################################################################在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
sudo vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf###########################################################################################fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;#PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;###########################################################################################5、启动Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHPsudo vi /etc/rc.local在末尾增加以下内容：
#################################################ulimit -SHn 65535/data/mysql/mysql start/usr/local/php/php-fpm start/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx#################################################
五、优化Linux内核参数
sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf在末尾增加以下内容：
############################################################## Addnet.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768net.core.somaxconn = 32768net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608net.core.rmem_max = 16777216net.core.wmem_max = 16777216net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535##############################################################使配置立即生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p 六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置1、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is okthe configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully2、平滑重启：
①、对于Nginx 0.8.以后的版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload3、创建Nginx启动脚本
sudo vi /usr/local/nginx/nginx################################################################!/bin/shnginx_s="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"function_start_nginx() { printf "Starting nginx...\n" ${nginx_s} } function_stop_nginx() { printf "Stoping nginx...\n" ${nginx_s} -s stop} function_restart_nginx() { printf "Restarting nginx...\n" ${nginx_s} -s reload} if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then function_start_nginx elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then function_stop_nginx elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_nginx else printf "Usage: /usr/local/nginx/nginx {start|stop|restart}\n" fi###############################################################chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/nginx
七、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本
1、创建脚本/usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.shsudo vi /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh输入以下内容：
#######################################################################!/bin/bash# This script run at 00:00# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/data/logs/"mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").logkill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`######################################################################chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志
crontab -e输入以下内容：
引用00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh